Volume 59 (2009) Issue: 2009 No#2-3

Histological and immunohistochemical evaluations of rat soft tissue response to bioceramical implants

Author(s): Marković Danica, Kojić Zvezdana, Marinković D, Danilović Vesna, Radovanović Anita, Janaćković Đ

Keywords:bioceramics, biocompatibility, histology, subcutaneous tissue

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the tissue response induced by bioceramical materials (BCM) implanted in rat subcutaneous tissue. Thirty two rats were assigned to 6 groups, as following: control group i.e. not treated; dental ceramic (DC) implants; alfa tricalcium phosphate synthetised at 22 MPa (
TCP22) and at 45 MPa (
TCP45); hydroxyapatite synthetised at 22 MPa (HAP22) and at 45 MPa (HAP45). Contra lateral sides of all test animals represented the blank control surgically incisied at the paravertebral sockets. The experimental groups received subcutaneous implants of the test BCM materials. Samples were collected after 14 days and processed histologically. Inflammatory reactions were noted microscopically. The inflammatory infiltrate consisted of lymphocytes, polimorphonuclears, macrophages and mastocytes. At same time there were signs of increased fibrosis around the graft places. In conclusion, the implant sides compared with surgical incision wounds induced a foreign body–type granuloma with subsequent fibrosis around the grafts. The presence of a capsule at the interface with BCM in rat subcutis did not elicit any remarkable immune responses, thus being considered biocompatible. By evaluating different responses according to BCM, the most intense tissue reaction was noticed at HAP45, graded as severe, and mild to moderate for DC, HAP22 and alfa tricaltium phosphate.